Types of food substances:
Shamana – Food that brings down the increased Dosha to normalcy
Kopana – Food that increases the lowered Dosha to normalcy
Swasthahita - Food that maintains the normalcy of Tridosha and health.

Types of Potency (Veerya)
Ushna veerya (Hot potency) -Some food items are hot in nature. For example pepper

Sheeta veerya (cold potency) - Some food items are cold in nature. For example milk.
These are the two types of potencies. Generally, substances that have Astringent, bitter and sweet
tastes are coolant in nature and Sour, salt and pungent tastes are hot in nature.

Three types of Vipaka
Vipaka refers to conversion of taste after initial phase of digestion.
 Madhura Vipaka (sweet) – Generally, Sweet, and salt tastes undergo this Vipaka.
 Amla Vipaka (Sour) – Sour taste undergoes this Vipaka
 Katu Vipaka – rest of the tastes – Bitter, astringent and pungent tastes undergo this
Vipaka.

Twenty types of qualities

guru manda hima snigdha ślakṣṇa sāndra mṛdu sthirā: | guṇā: sasūkṣma viśadā: viṃśati: sa
viparyayā: ||
Guru(heavy) X laghu (light in weight)
Manda(slow) X tiksna(quick,fast)
Hima (cold) X ushna (hot)
Snighda (unctuous) X ruksa (dry)
Slaksna (smooth) X khara (rough)
Sandra (solid) X drava (liquid)
Mrdu (soft) X kathina (hard)
Sthira (stable) X cala (moving, unstable)
Suksma (stable, small) X sthula (big,gross)
Vishada (non slimy) X picchila (slimy)
19. Cause for health and disease:

kālārthakarmaṇāṃ yogo hīnamithyātimātraka: | samyagyogaśca vijñeyo rogārogyaika kāraṇam ||
Less, more or wrong unison of time, senses and functions is the reason for disease and the right unison of these three factors is the reason for health.
[14/09 4:33 pm] ‪+91 98675 23907‬: Vyayama – exercise

Exercise brings about lightness, it improves work capacity, increases digestion power, burns fat.
It brings body into good shape. People with diseases originating from Vata and Pitta, children,
elders, people with indigestion problem should not do exercise. Exercise should be done till one’s half strength. Exercise should be done compulsorily by those having full strength and who take
oily food stuff, From December to May. At the end of the exercise, one should undergo mild massage (pressing the body parts with mild to moderate pressure.)
Adverse effects of over-exercise:

Excessive thirst, emaciation, severe dyspnoea (difficulty in breathing), bleeding disorders, exhaustion, feeling of debility (even without any work), cough, fever and vomiting are caused by excess of exercise.

Those who indulge in too much of exercise daily, who keep themselves awake till late nights, regularly, who walk long distances regularly, who indulge in excessive sexual activities, too much of laughing, speaking, and such other strenuous activities, will perish, just as a lion perishes
after vanquishing an elephant.
Bathing improves digestion, acts as aphrodisiac, prolongs life, increases enthusiasm and strength.
It helps to get rid of dirt, waste products, sweat, tiredness, excessive thirst, burning sensation and microbes.
Pouring warm water over the body bestows strength, but the same over the head, makes for loss of strength of the hair and eyes.
Bath is contra- indicated for those suffering from facial paralysis, diseases of the eyes, mouth and ears, diarrhoea, flatulence, rhinitis, indigestion and who have just taken food.

Qualities of Vata
tatra rūkṣo laghu: śīta: khara: sūkṣmaścalo’nila: ||
Rooksha – dryness, Laghu – Lightness, Sheeta – coldness, Khara – roughness, Sookshma minuteness,
Chala – movement .These are the qualities of Vata.

Qualities of Pitta
pittaṃ sasneha tīkṣṇoṣṇaṃ laghu visraṃ saraṃ dravam |
Sasneha – slightly oily, unctuous, Teekshna – piercing, entering into deep tissues, Ushna – hotness, Laghu – lightness, Visram – bad smell, sara – having fluidity, movement,
drava – liquidity are the qualities of Pitta.

Qualities of Kapha
snigdha: śīto gururmanda: ślakṣṇo mṛtsna: sthira: kapha:
Snigdhna – oily, unctuous, Sheeta – cold, Guru – heavy, Manda – mild, viscous, shlakshna –
smooth, clear, Mrutsna – slimy, jely, sthira – stability, immobility are the qualities of Kapha.

The increase, decrease of individual Doshas, or imbalance of couple of these Doshas is called as
Samsarga.
And imbalance of all the three Doshas together is called as Sannipata.

Body tissues and waste products
Rasa asṛk māṃsa medo asthi majja śukrāṇi dhātava: |
sapta dūṣyā: malā: mūtra śakṛt svedādayo’pi ca ||
Body tissues and waste products are called as Dushyas. Means, there are influenced, and affected by doshas

1. Rasa - the first product of digestion, Soon after digestion of food, the digested food
turns into Rasa. It is grossly compared to lymph or plasma. But it is not a complete
comparison.
2. Rakta – Also called as Asruk. – Blood
3. Mamsa – Muscle
4. Meda - Fat tissue
5. Asthi - Bones and cartilages 6. Majja - Bone marrow
7. Shukra – Semen / Ovum or entire male and female genital tract and its secretions are
grossly covered under this heading.
Mala – waste products
Shakrut / Pureesha – (faeces), Sweda (sweat) and Mootra (urine) are the three waste products of the body.

Tridosha

vāyu: pittaṃ kaphaśceti trayo doṣā: samāsata: ||
vikṛtā’vikṛtā dehaṃ ghnanti te varttayanti ca |
Vayu – Vata, Pitta and kapha are the three Doshas of the body. Perfect balance of three Doshas leads to health, imbalance in Tridosha leads to diseases.
How Thridosha are spread in body and in a day?

te vyāpino’pi hṛnnābhyoradhomadhyordhva saṃśrayā: ||
vayo’horātribhuktānāṃ te’ntamadhyādigā: kramāt |

The Tridosha are present all over the body, but their presence is especially seen in particular parts. If you divide the body into three parts, the top part upto chest is dominated by Kapha
Dosha, between chest and umbilicus is dominated by Pitta, below umbilicus part is dominated by vata.
Similarly, in a person’s life, day and in night (separately), the first part is dominated by Kapha,
second part is dominated by Pitta and third part is dominated by Vata. While eating and during
digestion, the first, second and third part are dominated by Kapha, Pitta and Vata respectively.

Types of digestive tracts / nature of bowels

koṣṭha: krūro mṛdurmadhyo madhya: syāttai: samairapi |

There are three types of digestive tracts (Koshta):
1. Kroora Koshta – wherein the person will take long time for digestion. The bowel
evacuation will be irregular. It is influenced by Vata.
2. Mrudu Koshta – Sensitive stomach, has a very short digestion period. Even
administration of milk will cause bowel evacuation.
3. Madhya Koshta – Proper digestive tract, bowel evacuation at appropriate times. It is influenced by Tridosha balance.